b'Book review this work was driven by the USGS,and his chief geophysicist Jack Rayner with James Balsley (Figure 3) playing avisited USA and Canadian geological major role, which recognized the hugeorganisations. They also investigated potential of aeromagnetics in geologicalthe potential for a project for magnetic mapping and the direct delineation ofmapping of Australia from the air. I was ore deposits. The AN/ASQ-3A fluxgateparticularly fascinated by the description was mounted in a single engine aircraftof the Arctic voyage of the Graf Zeppelin for test purposes, but quickly moved toin 1931, when it was planned to meet a twin-engine aircraft for safety reasons.up with Australian explorer Sir Hubert At the very end of the war, while theWilkins in his private submarine Nautilus! magnetometer and other equipmentUnfortunately, this fell through because were still highly classified, the USGSthe submarine could not be made ready under the auspices of the US Navy flewin time. Who knew Australia had its own a major survey for petroleum in Alaska.Indiana Jones?!Immediately after the war, Canada, Britain and other countries were eagerThe narrative basically follows historical to acquire the AN/ASQ-3A to commencetimeframe, but with some appropriate regional mapping aeromagnetic surveysstepping forwards and backwards to in their own countries but were held upaccommodate particular developments or for several years until the equipmentgeographic locations. While reading the was declassified. Also, Gulf Research wasFigure 3 (Figure 86b).James Robinson Balsleywhole book is obviously advantageous,fighting to establish the precedence ofof the USGS operating the magnetometer in the USI believe the more casual reader could its patent application against all others,Navy SNB-1 BuNo 51044, 1944-45. US Geologicalselect particular chapters of interest to which caused further delays. MorrisonsSurvey.read, without losing too much historical narrative does an excellent job ofcontext. In this regard, the author documenting these activities from primarytext where geophysical equipment isincludes a handy eleven page Selected sources. By 1948-49 these issues had beeninstalled in an aircraft, he meticulouslyevents in the evolution of the airborne largely overcome and the book containsdocuments the manufacturer, modelmagnetometer in the appendices.a number of chapters documentingand serial number, together with the names of the pilot, co-pilot, navigatorThe book is not a light read at 462 the commencement of large-scaleand instrument operator. Similar detailspages (plus 156 pages of figures) it aeromagnetic surveys in Canada andare included for airships, ships andweighs 1.65 kg (3.64 lbs). Britain (as well as the continuing surveyssubmarines.by the USGS). Independent of the USI highly recommend this book to anyone technology, Hans Lundberg in 1946As a measure of Doug Morrisonsinterested in the history of geophysics. In trialled an induction coil magnetometerzealous research for primary sources,the present day of powerful computers, in a Bell 47 helicopter at Sudbury, Canada.the 462 page book includes 100 pagesGPS navigation, sophisticated graphics In early 1947, USGS geophysicist Jamesof endnotes and 31 pages of references.and instant worldwide cellphone Balsley took part in Operation HIGHJUMPThere are 156 (unnumbered) pagescommunication, I suggest that it (the US Navy exploration of Antarcticaof photos and maps. In addition towould be a very educational read for lead by Admiral Byrd) and acquired thea general index, there are indexesyounger geophysicists and geologists first aeromagnetic data in the Southernfor people, places, aircraft, militaryto be exposed to the early technology Hemisphere. The magnetometer wassquadrons (units), ships and submarines. development and better appreciate installed in a DC-3. One engine failedhow good things are now! In my own during the latter part of the flight and theAlthough most significant technologicalearly career, I still clearly remember crew had to ditch all the heavy cameradevelopments in this narrative tookstruggling with matching negative strip equipment and other supplies but notplace outside Australia, the authorfilm with positive black and white photo the magnetometer! The first Australian(being Australian) has included amosaics! In those days, a skilled navigator surveys were flown in 1949 by Oscarnumber of interesting snippets from anwas vitally important!Weiss for The Zinc Corporation, BHP andAustralian perspective. In 1770 Captain WMC. The author ends his narrative inCook observed erratic rock magnetismReference1949, by which time governments andon Quail Island, Queensland. In 1812 private enterprise had accepted that theMatthew Flinders determined andShor, Elizabeth N. & John G. Sclater technology was mature enough for bothwrote procedures for the compensation(2010) Victor Vacquier (19072009). detailed and regional surveys. Also, byof Royal Navy ships compasses usingEos91(30): 264.that time, 14 fixed-wing, high sensitivityiron compensation bars. In 1859 Georg aeromagnetic survey aircraft wereNeumayer observed horizontal magneticReviewed by available for survey flying. intensity at Ballarat, Victoria, includingRichard Irvine underground at Black Hill mine. In 1945Condor Consulting, Inc. The author is obviously an aircraftHarold Raggatt (Director of the Australiandick@condorconsult.com historian in almost every case in theGovernment Mineral Resources Survey)September 13, 2021OCTOBER 2021 PREVIEW 48'