b'Education matters ore deposition across the Americas bythree geophysical methods; electricalShan Cao, Australian National University: using spatio-temporal data mining.resistivity tomography, magnetometry,Estimation of crustal discontinuities using These spatio-temporal properties areand magnetic susceptibility. The resultsactive and passive seismic data.used to apply a wide range of machineof the electrical resistivity tomography learning methods and show the resultssurvey showed that the stratigraphic unitThe evolution of the Australian continent in terms of accuracy of predictions onwhere an important cluster of bifacialcan be traced back to the migration of the test dataset. It is provided spatialpoints is located extends throughoutmore than 3000 km since the Eocene. visualisations in deep-time showingthe subsurface of the rest of the site andUndergoing a complex set of interactions highly prospective areas for porphyry Cuis at least 8 m thick. The magnetometrywith its neighbours, the lithosphere of mineralisation along areas not relatedsurvey revealed evidence of hearthAustralia experiences intensive alteration. with known mineral occurrences inanomalies within the subsurface, whichIn past decades, Earth scientists have North and South America. Results showare interpreted as areas of archaeologicaladopted various geophysical and that the orthogonal plate convergencepotential due to a correlation betweengeochemical techniques to study the speed is the most important featurethe bifacial cluster and prehistoriclithospheric structure of Australia and rich related to the formation of porphyry Cuburning. Finally, the magneticinformation has been accumulated. Based systems. This parameter is linked with thesusceptibility test displayed evidenceon the analysis of these information, thickening of continental arcs which hasof a palaeosol in the subsurface on thevarious tectonic and velocity models been proved to enhance Cu transporteastern side of the site. have been proposed to explain the within plutons. It also controls thecomplicated lithospheric structure. volume of plate material subducted intoSouthern Africa is one of the mostHowever, detailed information is essential the upper mantle, including carbonatesignificant archaeological regions in theto understand the continental structure phases in the upper volcanic portion ofworld due to it being one of the earliestand tectonic evolution of Australia.the ocean crust and water-rich pelagiclocations of behaviourally modern humans. The bifacial cluster located onIn this thesis, we adopt a seismic deep sea sediments, which have beentechnique, auto-correlation, to extract demonstrated to enhance sulphur andthe surface of Klein Hoek 1 is one of the most important collections of bifacialreflected seismic wave signals from the metal transport, respectively, boostingtransmitted waves. We firstly carry out metasomatic enrichment of the mantlepoints in southern Africa, due to it being one of the only stratified, in-situ open-airtesting on the tuning parameters for wedge in volatiles, sulphur, and fluid- auto-correlation to verify the proper mobile large ion lithophile elements,collections of such artefacts in the region. Southern African archaeology has a longvalues for various signal processing promoting the formation of porphyrytechniques. Their effects on the estimated Cu systems. By using plate tectonichistory of focusing research on rock shelter sites at the expense of open-airreflected signals from discontinuities reconstruction models and machineare illustrated from autocorrelograms learning applications in the generation ofsites. This is due to the lower informative return of time and costs open-airof two permanent stations, which are copper mineralisation prediction maps, itrespectively located above a sharp Moho is demonstrated the potential of spatio- sites have due to their complicated stratigraphy and potential loss ofregion and an ice bedrock region. The temporal data mining applications inwhitening window of 0.5 Hz is required global mineral exploration related withintegrity. However, rock shelters only represent limited points in the landscapefor stations above shallow ice bedrocks, subduction-related systems. while the stations on the sharp Moho and history, and thus this focus has Oliver Hatswell, Flinderscreated a perspective of southern Africanneed values lower than 0.5 Hz, preferring University: What can geophysicalprehistory that does not include all thethe value of 0.1 Hz. These values are geoarchaeology reveal about theavailable information making it limitedapplied to two arrays, Bilby array and archaeology and depositional history ofand biased. MINQ array, trending North - South and the site of Klein Hoek 1, South Africa? East - West directions in central Australia. The results of this geophysical surveyThe data from these profiles show some will primarily assist in future studyindication of Moho reflection in the classic and excavation of Klein Hoek 1. Thereceiver function analysis, yet the auto- ERT survey will provide a greatercorrelation technique profiles do not understanding of the stratigraphy of theshow a clear and consistent Moho signal, site, while the magnetic susceptibilityinstead they show a consistent shallow survey will locate any palaeosolsreflection which might be interpreted as within the stratigraphy. Meanwhile, thesedimentary covers in the regions. These magnetometry survey will identify anyresults suggest that auto-correlation hearths within the subsurface and locatetechnique could be used to estimate some the areas of archaeological potentialstratification within the shallow layers of for future excavations. The successcrust, where classic methods like receiver of this survey also demonstrates thatfunctions usually fail.geophysical methods are effective inThe primary goal of this researcha southern African open-air context. project was to utilise geophysicalThe further utilisation of geophysicsBSc (Honours) thesestechniques to further understandin southern African archaeology could the stratigraphy and archaeology ofbe invaluable in identifying the highZak Weidinger, University of Tasmania: Klein Hoek 1, an open-air site locatedarchaeologically potential points ofTime-lapse geophysical investigation of the immediately adjacent to the Doring Riveropen-air sites making the study of theseRoyal George tailings repository, Northeast in southern Africa. This survey utilizedsites more time and cost-effective. Tasmania41 PREVIEW DECEMBER 2021'