b'Education matters Tobias Stl, University of Tasmania:multivariate and multidimensional70 mWm2, occur for Queen Mary Land. The Antarctic lithosphere revealed bycomputation is presented. This isParts of the interior of Wilkes Land, Wilkes multivariate analysis. enabled by a newly developed softwareSub-glacial Basin, and Coats Land, show package, agrid, which contains methodsvery low values, under 40 mWm2.for data import, visualisation, and export of results in compatible formats.The thesis concludes with a synthesis Using this toolbox, a grid model ofof common themes running through continental Antarctica is created fromthe core research chapters, including a geophysics and geology combined. Adiscussion of the value of probabilistic range of illustrative maps of lithosphericgeological mapping. Spatial uncertainty properties are generated to exemplifymetrics are outlined in terms of the added the functionality of the framework. Thisinsights they provide in the appraisal of includes a new isostatic model fromnewly generated models. In summary, seismic tomography data and a newmultivariate maps and models of the approach to calculate geothermal heat3D continent including a wide variety The Antarctic continent, at 14 millionof data from geophysics and geology km2, is larger than Australia; yet, dueflow from energy balance based on geophysics and geology. The dynamicare produced using newly written to the ice cover and inaccessibility, itsand flexible 3D model of the lithospherecomputational tools. Our understanding geology and lithospheric structureis designed with research addressingof the Antarctic lithosphere is thus are to a large extent unknown. Duringsolid Earth and cryosphere interactionadvanced in a quantitative and recent decades, particularly since theand feedbacks in mind. repeatable way, and the new solid International Polar Year of 2007-08,Earth geoscience results may be readily a growing number of studies haveMultivariate methodology is usedaccessed for ongoing cryosphere and provided new and improved datasetsto investigate the presence of deep- other interdisciplinary research.of the continents surface, cryosphere,seated lithospheric boundaries in East crust and upper mantle. The new dataAntarctica. Three independent datasetsYao Qian, Australian National University: enable new or refined questions toare utilised: seismic shear wave speed atEnvironmental magnetism of eastern be addressed in the Antarctic Earth150 km depth, free air gravity anomaly,Mediterranean sediments and aeolian dust sciences. For instance, how doesand surface elevation. From each dataset,flux changes over orbital timescales.large-scale geophysics correlate withboundaries that indicate transitions inMagnetic techniques have been used sparse geological observations andvalue, gradient, frequency, or pattern arewidely in environmental studies for interpretations? What are the extents ofsuggested, with rated uncertainty andthe past few decades. Environmental tectonic domains and affiliations withresolution. A range of likelihood maps ismagnetism typically involves conventional former neighbours in Gondwana? Whatgenerated; the most conservative mapsroom temperature measurements is the spatial distribution of geothermalshow regions where we are confidentof bulk magnetic parameters and heat flow in the deep interior? that an upper mantle boundary exists,more advanced component-specific Advancing our understanding ofwhereas the least conservative mapsmagnetic approaches. Conventional the Antarctic continent addressescontain a greater number of lessbulk parameters can provide continuous fundamental knowledge gaps in plateconfidently suggested boundaries. Whenrecords of magnetic mineral concentration tectonics, the dynamic foundation forboundary likelihood is compared withand/or particle size variations in our planet. Understanding the Antarcticobserved crustal geology, we find a goodsediments, respectively. However, such lithosphere is also of urgent relevancematch. The East Antarctic lithosphere isparameters are not necessarily well suited due to ongoing anthropogenic climaterevealed to comprise multiple domains,to identifying magnetic components change and the consequent need toand internal geological complexity.within individual magnetic mineral better constrain interactions betweenDomains in the subglacial interior, withassemblages. More advanced techniques, the solid Earth and the cryosphere.no geological outcrop, are very likely. such as first-order reversal curve (FORC) Challenges to build on existing researchdiagrams and low-temperature (LT) include the lack of agreement betweenThe computational framework, agrid,magnetic measurements, can enable different studies, and uncertainties thatis used to generate a geothermal heatdetailed discrimination of magnetic are difficult to constrain. Methodologiesflow map using over 15 datasets as inputmineral assemblages. However, these previously employed are generallyobservables. A multivariate similaritymeasurements are time-consuming, so univariate, modelling the solid Earthmethod is applied, carefully modifiedthey cannot be used to develop high-structure or character from only onefor application to the datasets availableresolution records. Furthermore, although observable. However, the growingfor Antarctica. The new map, Aq1, is ofthese techniques have been used more number of datasets affords anhigher resolution than previous heatfrequently in recent years, much work opportunity to combine constraintsflow maps of the continent, and robustlyremains to be done to unlock their full from multiple observables, embrace theconstrained with quantified uncertainty.diagnostic power in environmental uncertainties, and draw new, consideredThe map confirms higher heat flow inmagnetism.interpretations. In this thesis, studies thatWest Antarctica, and lower heat flow in employ multivariate syntheses of recentlyEast Antarctica. The highest values areIn this thesis, I use marine sediments compiled data are presented, with a focuscomputed for the Thwaites Glacier regionfrom the eastern Mediterranean Sea to on combining geophysics and geology. and the Siple Coast, locally over 150assess bulk magnetic measurements, mWm2. High heat flow, over 80 mWm2, isFORC diagrams, LT measurements, X-ray In particular, a new 3D model andalso likely in parts of Marie Byrd Land andfluorescence core-scan elemental data, software framework for spatialPalmer Land, and elevated values, aboveand transmission electron microscope 33 PREVIEW DECEMBER 2021'